Everything about The Demography Of Europe totally explained
The
Demography of Europe refers to the changing number and composition of the
population of
Europe. Since the
Renaissance, Europe has had a dominating influence in culture, economics and social movements in the world. European demography are important not only historically, but also in understanding current international relations and population issues.
Some current and past issues in European demography have included
religious emigration,
race relations,
economic immigration, a declining
birth rate and an
ageing population. In some countries, such as the
Republic of Ireland and
Poland, access to
abortion is currently limited; in the past, such restrictions and also restrictions on artificial birth control were commonplace throughout Europe. Furthermore, two European countries (currently
The Netherlands and
Switzerland) have allowed a limited form of
voluntary euthanasia. It remains to be seen how much demographic impact this may have.
In 2005 the
population of Europe was estimated to be 728 million according to the
United Nations, which is slightly more than one-ninth of the
world's population. A century ago, Europe had nearly a quarter of the world's population. The population of Europe has grown in the past century, but in other areas of the world (in particular
Africa and
Asia) the population has grown far more quickly. According to UN population projection (medium variant), Europe's share will fall to 7% in 2050, numbering 653 million.
Total population
In 2005, the population of Europe was 728 million or 11% of the world population. It has been growing from 500 million after World War II, peaked in the early 2000s at more than 700 million and has since then begun a decline. and
territory, with
flag
!
Area(km²)
!
Population(1 July, 2002 est.)
!
Population density(per km²)
!
Capital
|-
| colspan=5 style="background:#eee;" |
Eastern Europe:
|-
|
| align="right" | 207,600
| align="right" | 10,335,382
| align="right" | 49.8
|
Minsk
|-
|
| align="right" | 110,910
| align="right" | 7,322,858
| align="right" | 68.4
|
Sofia
|-
|
| align="right" | 78,866
| align="right" | 10,228,744
| align="right" | 129.7
|
Prague
|-
|
| align="right" | 93,030
| align="right" | 9,956,108
| align="right" | 107
|
Budapest
|-
|
| align="right" | 33,843
| align="right" | 4,320,490
| align="right" | 127.6
|
Chişinău
|-
|
| align="right" | 312,685
| align="right" | 38,518,241
| align="right" | 123.2
|
Warsaw
|-
|
| align="right" | 238,391
| align="right" | 22,276,056
| align="right" | 93.4
|
Bucharest
|-
|
| align="right" | 3,960,000
| align="right" | 143,003,702
| align="right" | 26.8
|
Moscow
|-
|
| align="right" | 48,845
| align="right" | 5,447,502
| align="right" | 111.53
|
Bratislava
|-
|
| align="right" | 69,700
| align="right" | 4,661,473
| align="right" | 64/km²
|
Tbilisi
|-
|
| align="right" | 603,700
| align="right" | 46,299,862
| align="right" | 76.7
|
Kiev
|-
| colspan=5 style="background:#eee;" |
Northern Europe:
|-
| (
Finland)
| align="right" | 1,552
| align="right" | 26,008
| align="right" | 16.8
|
Mariehamn
|-
|
| align="right" | 43,094
| align="right" | 5,368,854
| align="right" | 124.6
|
Copenhagen
|-
|
| align="right" | 45,226
| align="right" | 1,415,681
| align="right" | 31.3
|
Tallinn
|-
| (
Denmark)
| align="right" | 1,399
| align="right" | 46,011
| align="right" | 32.9
|
Tórshavn
|-
|
| align="right" | 336,593
| align="right" | 5,157,537
| align="right" | 15.3
|
Helsinki
|-
|
| align="right" | 78
| align="right" | 64,587
| align="right" | 828.0
|
St Peter Port
|-
|
| align="right" | 103,000
| align="right" | 307,261
| align="right" | 2.7
|
Reykjavík
|-
|
| align="right" | 70,280
| align="right" | 4,234,925
| align="right" | 60.3
|
Dublin
|-
|
| align="right" | 572
| align="right" | 73,873
| align="right" | 129.1
|
Douglas
|-
|
| align="right" | 116
| align="right" | 89,775
| align="right" | 773.9
|
Saint Helier
|-
|
| align="right" | 64,589
| align="right" | 2,366,515
| align="right" | 36.6
|
Riga
|-
|
| align="right" | 65,200
| align="right" | 3,601,138
| align="right" | 55.2
|
Vilnius
|-
|
| align="right" | 324,220
| align="right" | 4,525,116
| align="right" | 14.0
|
Oslo
|-
|
Svalbard and Jan
Mayen Islands (
Norway)
| align="right" | 62,049
| align="right" | 2,868
| align="right" | 0.046
|
Longyearbyen
|-
|
| align="right" | 449,964
| align="right" | 9,090,113
| align="right" | 19.7
|
Stockholm
|-
|
| align="right" | 244,820
| align="right" | 59,201,000
| align="right" | 244.2
|
London
|-
| colspan=5 style="background:#eee;" |
Southern Europe:
|-
|
| align="right" | 28,748
| align="right" | 3,600,523
| align="right" | 125.2
|
Tirana
|-
|
| align="right" | 468
| align="right" | 68,403
| align="right" | 146.2
|
Andorra la Vella
|-
|
| align="right" | 51,129
| align="right" | 4,552,198
| align="right" | 89
|
Sarajevo
|-
|
| align="right" | 56,542
| align="right" | 4,493,312
| align="right" | 79.5
|
Zagreb
|-
| (
UK)
| align="right" | 5.9
| align="right" | 27,714
| align="right" | 4,697.3
|
Gibraltar
|-
|
| align="right" | 131,940
| align="right" | 10,706,291
| align="right" | 81.1
|
Athens
|-
|
| align="right" | 301,230
| align="right" | 58,147,733
| align="right" | 193
|
Rome
|-
|
| align="right" | 10,887
| align="right" | 2,000,000
| align="right" | 220
|
Pristina
|-
|
| align="right" | 25,333
| align="right" | 2,055,915
| align="right" | 81.1
|
Skopje
|-
|
| align="right" | 316
| align="right" | 397,499
| align="right" | 1,257.9
|
Valletta
|-
|
| align="right" | 13,812
| align="right" | 684,736
| align="right" | 49.6
|
Podgorica
|-
|
| align="right" | 91,568
| align="right" | 10,084,245
| align="right" | 110.1
|
Lisbon
|-
|
| align="right" | 61
| align="right" | 27,730
| align="right" | 454.6
|
San Marino
|-
|
| align="right" | 77,474
| align="right" | 7,780,000
| align="right" | 100.4
|
Belgrade
|-
|
| align="right" | 20,273
| align="right" | 2,009,245
| align="right" | 99.1
|
Ljubljana
|-
|
| align="right" | 498,506
| align="right" | 40,077,100
| align="right" | 80.4
|
Madrid
|-
|
| align="right" | 0.44
| align="right" | 900
| align="right" | 2,045.5
|
Vatican City
|-
| colspan=5 style="background:#eee;" |
Western Europe:
|-
|
| align="right" | 83,858
| align="right" | 8,169,929
| align="right" | 97.4
|
Vienna
|-
|
| align="right" | 30,510
| align="right" | 10,274,595
| align="right" | 336.8
|
Brussels
|-
|
| align="right" | 547,030
| align="right" | 61,538,322
| align="right" | 109.3
|
Paris
|-
|
| align="right" | 357,021
| align="right" | 83,251,851
| align="right" | 233.2
|
Berlin
|-
|
| align="right" | 160
| align="right" | 32,842
| align="right" | 205.3
|
Vaduz
|-
|
| align="right" | 2,586
| align="right" | 448,569
| align="right" | 173.5
|
Luxembourg
|-
|
| align="right" | 1.95
| align="right" | 31,987
| align="right" | 16,403.6
|
Monaco
|-
|
| align="right" | 41,526
| align="right" | 16,318,199
| align="right" | 393.0
|
Amsterdam
|-
|
| align="right" | 41,290
| align="right" | 7,301,994
| align="right" | 176.8
|
Bern
|-
| colspan=5 style="background:#eee;" |
Central Asia:
|-
|
| align="right" | 150,000
| align="right" | 600,000
| align="right" | 4.0
|
Astana
|-
| colspan=5 style="background:#eee;" |
Western Asia:
|-
|
| align="right" | 86,6
| align="right" | 8,581,487
| align="right" | 105.7
|
Baku
|-
|
| align="right" | 9,251
| align="right" | 867,600
| align="right" | 90
|
Nicosia
|-
|
| align="right" | 24,378
| align="right" | 71,044,932
| align="right" | 453.1
|
Ankara
|- ignore=" font-weight:bold; "
| Total
| align="right" | 10,176,246
| align="right" | 709,608,850
| align="right" | 69.7
|}
Age
Perhaps mirroring its declining population growth, European countries tend to have older populations overall. European countries had nine of the top ten highest median ages in national populations in 2005. Only
Japan had an older population.
Religion
Religion in Europe spans approximately 10,000 years of human settlement on the continent. It has developed from the earliest prehistoric spirituality via the Ancient Greek, Roman and Nordic faiths to the spread of the Abrahamic religions of Christianity, Judaism and Islam. Europe has a rich and diverse religious history, and its various faiths have been a major influence on European art, culture, philosophy and law. In modern times, the overwhelming majority of religious Europeans are Christian; the second-largest religion in Europe is Islam, followed by Judaism. Europe also has the largest number and proportion of agnostics and atheists in the Western world.
Nationality
Language
Europe has
30-40 major languages depending on definition. The
European Union (EU), which currently excludes
Norway and many eastern European countries, recognises 23 official languages as of 2007. According to the same source, the seven most natively spoken languages in the EU are (percentage of total European population):
- 18% German
- 13% French
- 12% English
- 12% Italian
- 9% Spanish
- 9% Polish
- 5% Dutch
These figures change slightly when foreign language skills are taken into account. The list below shows the top eight European languages ordered by total number of speakers in the EU:
51% English
32% German
26% French
16% Italian
15% Spanish
10% Polish
7% Russian
6% Dutch
This makes German the most frequently spoken native language and English the most frequently spoken language overall in the European Union, with German the second-most common language overall.
Foreign language skills
Luxembourg, the Netherlands, Denmark, Malta, Sweden, Slovenia, Belgium, and Finland are the EU countries with the most foreign language skills. This refers to all foreign languages. English is spoken most frequently in Malta, Sweden, Denmark, and the Netherlands. The largest countries in Europe have the following percentages of English language skills: 44% Germany, 32% France, 28% Italy, 22% Poland, 18% Spain. The countries with the least foreign language skills are the UK, Ireland, Germany, Italy and Spain.
Extinct and endangered languages
Many languages have become extinct in Europe and the process is continuing. Languages that are already rated as extinct by the UNESCO Red Book include Old Prussian, Cornish, and two Jewish languages. Nearly extinct and seriously endangered languages include several Sami, Frisian, and regional Jewish languages and Breton.
Further Information
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